It is observed from table 1 that largest percentages of patients are within the age range 35 to 55 (56 percent) and only (7.3 percent ) are below age under 35 and 66 percent out of the total patients are male and 34 percent are female. It is also found that majority of them have weight 55kg to 75kg and only a few portion of the total patients have weight under 35kg. Education and knowledge of diabetics is closely related. Since diabetics are a life long disease so the patient's education is essential about it6. He must have programmatic knowledge about the disease table 1 elucidates that about 19 percent of the patients have no education and about 58 percents completed secondary education and higher education.

Figure 1

Table 1: Profile of the diabetic patients

In our present study, a great portion of patients are non-manual workers (e.g., serviceman, business man etc.,), besides other patients are engaged with different types of works e.g., day labor, rickshaw-pollar, etc. Heredity is a major factor that causes diabetics7, diabetes can be inherited has been known for centuries. However, the pattern of inheritance is not fully understood. Statistic indicates that those with a family history of the disease have a higher risk of developing diabetes than those without such a background. The table 1 shows that 60.7 percent of the patients reported to have family history of diabetic and 22.7 percents patients are sufferings from type I diabetes, formerly called juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes and 77.3 percents are suffering from type II diabetes, formerly called adult-onset diabetes or non insulin-dependent diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes. Having diabetes increases the risk of developing high blood pressure and other cardiovascular problems, because diabetes adversely affects the arteries, predisposing them to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Atherosclerosis can cause high blood pressure, which if not treated, can lead to blood vessel damage, stroke, heart failure, heart attack, or kidney failure. It is observed that although majority of patients blood pressure within the normal range (less than 120 mm Hg) a large portion of them sufferings from high blood pressure. Table 1 also shows that majority of the respondents are overweighed with in the BMI index.

The table 2 shows that patients aged 55 and over are suffering less from type-II diabetes than who is young and middle aged. Male respondents are suffering more from type-I diabetics on the other hand female respondents are more from type-II. Patients reported to have family history of diabetic are sufferings more from type I diabetes. The table also elucidate that patients who reported that they are suffering from diabetics less than 5 years are more suffering form type-II diabetics on the other hand patients who reported that they are suffering from diabetics less than 10 years and above are more suffering form type-I diabetics with regard to BMI index it is observed that respondents who are within the normal range are suffering more form type-II diabetics and respondents who are within the overweigh range are suffering more form type-I diabetics.

Figure 2

Table 2: Percentage distribution of patients according to some selected characteristic

It was also observe from that patients who suffering from type-II diabetic reported more about kidney diseases and hypertension that they currently suffer

Direct and Indirect Effects of Socio-Demographic, Personal Habit and Genetic Variables on Diabetic's Patients: a Path Model Analysis

From the path analysis we are able to find out the direct and indirect effect of the exogenous and endogenous variables over dependent variable. Also the path analysis is used for the strong interrelationship among the independent variables. Table 3 shows the variables used for path analysis.

Figure 3

Table 3: Variables Used in the Path Analysis

According to the causal ordering of variables, we may divide the selected set of variables into three groups that are given below:

Figure 4

This model is a recursive path model in which each variable is assumed to be dependent upon all prior causal variables. The system of equation for the method can be written as

Figure 5

Where P _n 's are path co-efficient from X₁ to X₁₀ and R _u , R _v , R _w and R_x are random disturbance terms. All the random disturbance terms are mutually independent and are independent of their corresponding explanatory variables. Then multiple regression method is applied for each causal relationship.

The different types of effects are presented in table 3 and zero order correlation coefficient between types of diabetics and all explanatory variables should be the same as the total effect of that explanatory variable on types of diabetics. Table 4 indicates that, with few expectations of the zero order correlation coefficients between types of diabetics and each of the selected exogenous variables generally do not differ much from their corresponding total effects. We observe that there are 5 paths out of 40 hypothesized paths are found to be statistically significant. In our study we have to mention about the significant path coefficients only.

In our model out of 10 variables, 4 are found to have significant direct effect on the index of diabetics. Among them family history of patients(X₆) and suffering from(X₉) have direct significant negative effect while age of respondents(X₇) and weight of respondents(X₈) have direct significant positive effect on the index of types of diabetics (X₁₀). The total effect of respondent's occupation (X ₁ ), exercise(X ₂ ) and check up time(X ₄ ) is negative while work before diabetics(X ₃ ) and what type of methods(X₅) are positive.

Figure 6

Table 4: Zero order Correlation Coefficient among diabetics related variables

Figure 7

Figure 1: Path diagram of Diabetics related variables

Figure 8

Table 5: Direct and Indirect Effect of some selected variables on diabetic's patients.

Non-causal Effect = total effect-total association

The total effect of exercise X₂ on types of diabetics(X₁₀) is .30 of which about 53% and 49% are transmitted through the family history of patients (X₆) and suffering from (X₉) and about 25% is transmitted through its implied effect in the same direction. These show that exercise (X₂) is strongly related to types of diabetics. It appears that diabetic goes down when exercise takes place. The total effect of age of respondents (X₇) on types of diabetics(X₁₀) is .043 of which about 25% and 35% are transmitted through the weight of respondents (X ₈ ) and suffering from(X₉ ) in the same direction .This also shows that weight of respondents are strongly related to types of diabetics. Most of the people of Bangladesh are ignorance about diabetics. It is depicted that suffering from(X₉ ) is negatively related to types of diabetics(X₁₀). Suffering from(X₉ ) has total negative effect on types of diabetics is -.241. This also shows that suffering from diabetics is strongly related to types of diabetics.